Treatment

Clinical trials

A clinical trial is a type of medical research study that aims to find new and improved ways of preventing, diagnosing, treating and controlling illnesses. Clinical trials are done for all types of illnesses but here we are concentrating on clinical trials for prostate cancer.

Clinical trials involve testing new medicines and procedures on people in a controlled and carefully planned way. Clinical trials are the best way to find out whether a new treatment is better than the current standard treatment. They can also find out if existing treatments work better in new combinations or doses. Some clinical trials find out more about the psychological and social effects of illness and treatment.
Clinical trials aim to answer specific questions about a treatment or procedure, such as:

  • Is it effective?
  • Is it safe?
  • Does it cause side effects?
  • Does it work better than existing treatments?
  • Will it impact on quality of life?

What treatments are available?

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What are the different types of trials?

These are some of the areas that clinical trials for prostate cancer investigate:

  • Prevention
  • Screening
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatments
  • How prostate cancer or its treatment affects you and your daily life (quality of life)

There are four phases of clinical trials and scientists who design trials use randomisation and placebos to make sure that trials are fair and reliable. Find more information about the different types of trials, phases and trial design.

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What are the advantages and disadvantages?

Clinical trials are an important and normal part of medicine and taking part is voluntary. But if you are invited to take part in a trial you have to decide whether it suits you. Whether you decide to participate in a trial or not, you should receive the same standard of care. Before making any decisions, find out as much as you can about a trial including its potential advantages and disadvantages.

Advantages

Each trial is different but generally taking part in a trial could mean that you:

  • Might have access to newer and perhaps more effective treatments otherwise unavailable outside the trial.
  • Have more regular check-ups, tests and support from doctors and nurses than usual. Some people find this very reassuring.
  • Help to improve future cancer treatment for others.
  • Feel that you are doing something positive about your health and taking an active role in your treatment and recovery.

Disadvantages

  • The possible inconvenience of more frequent testing. Some people find this makes them more anxious about their cancer.
  • You may not know in advance what side effects you may get from the treatment.
  • If the trial is randomised you will not get a choice about which treatment you have.
  • As with most treatments, there is the risk that the new treatment may not help you, even if it helps others.

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What does taking part in a trial involve?

If you decide to take part in a trial the research team will give you the full details of what it will involve. There will be differences between trials, which depend on what the trial is investigating and what type of trial it is.

Normally being in a trial will involve:

  • Giving your consent
  • Filling in forms or questionnaires
  • A physical examination before the trial (pre-trial screening)
  • Visiting a hospital to have tests or treatments. Sometimes this will take place over a number of years.

You can leave a trial at any stage without giving a reason. Leaving a trial does not mean that you cannot have treatment for your cancer, nor does it mean that health professionals will treat you differently. You will still be given the current standard treatment for your stage of cancer.

If you or those close to you need emotional support before, during or after the clinical trial try speaking to friends, family, GP or other health professionals. You can also call our confidential Helpline. You may also like to sign up to our Online Community, where you can make contact with other men who have been on clinical trials and find out about their experiences.

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How do I find out about trials for prostate cancer?

If you would like to find out about current clinical trials for men with prostate cancer you can:

If you find a trial that you are interested in, take the details to show your specialist team. They can help you decide whether it is likely to be suitable for you.

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Questions to ask your doctor or nurse

  • Do you know of any clinical trials for prostate cancer that I could go on?
  • Can you tell me the possible benefits and risks of taking part in the trial?
  • Will I definitely receive the new treatment or procedure?
  • What extra tests will I need to have if I go on the trial?
  • How long does the trial go on for?
  • Will I need to travel to another hospital?
  • Will my travel or other expenses be paid back to me?
  • What happens if something goes wrong when I am on the trial?
  • Am I covered by insurance?
  • How much time will I need off work?
  • When will the results of the trial be available?
  • Where will the trial results be published?
  • What support can I get during and after the trial?

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References

You can find a full list of references used to produce this page in our online fact sheet.